EUPHORBIA HELIOSCOPIA: CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES 

ABSTRACT

Euphorbia, the largest genus in the spurge family “Euphorbiaceae” with more than 2000 species and is subdivided into many subgenera and sections. Several species of the genus Euphorbia have been extensively studied for their antiviral, antitumor, cytotoxic, antimicrobial and pesticidal activities. Based on traditional information, Euphorbia helioscopia has been widely used in the traditional folk medicine in China and Turkey. Up to now, 30 diterpenoids have been isolated and structurally characterized from this plant. The aim of the present work is to review all the available scientific literatures published on E. helioscopia. The focus will be on the chemical constitutions that have been identified from this species, in addition, all the reported biological, pharmacological and toxicological activities cheap trx for sale of different extracts and isolates from this species have been included. The paper recommends the need for further investigations regarding the environmental and mammalian safety of E. helioscopia for safer using in different biological and therapeutic applications.

Keywords: Euphorbia helioscopia, chemical constituents, terpenes, flavonoids, volatile oil, biological activities.